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IVF is an assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment which involves retrieving
oocytes and sperm and introducing them in laboratory conditions to increase the
possibility of fertilization and culture them into embryos. This consequently induces
pregnancy.
IUI is also referred to as an artificial insemination, a procedure in which sperms
are washed, concentrated and injected directly into the woman's intrauterine cavity.
Immature oocytes are retrieved from the ovaries without ovarian hyperstimulation
or without preceding hormonal treatment and then matured and fertilized in vitro.
The embryos are transferred into intrauterine cavity. The patients feel comparatively
easy and could reduce the medical cost which consequently has an advantage of avoidance
of side effects from associated with hormonal treatment.
Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgery in which operations in the
abdomen are performed through small incisions, usually 5~15min as compared to the
larger incisions needed in laparotomy. This surgery can be carried out diagnosis
and treatment for most of gynecological diseases. After the surgery, the patient
can return to their daily life and it also has a benefit in cosmetic point of view
resulting in less post-operative scarring. Hence, the laparoscopic surgery is universally
recognized.
Ovulation failure takes up to about 20~30% of infertility causes. Ovulation is essential
for pregnancy hence it is required to carry out a basic test.
We provide preimplnatation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for chromosome abnormalities
and single gene disorders in infertility by using cytogenetics and molecular genetics
technologies.
In couples with infertility, 30~40% of infertility is due to male factor. It is
important to know whether causes of infertility can be fundamentally resolved or
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) needs to be carried out with the patient’s
sperm or TESE need to receive sperm donation. It is crucial to evaluate whether
there is a disease that may affect infertility or genetic and chromosome abnormalities
that my affect in the next generation.
Habitual abortion is the occurrence of continuous two or more spontaneous miscarriage,
usually before 20 weeks of gestation. This affects about 1% of women who desire
to conceive. If such a condition occurs then subsequently the possibility of poor
pregnancy outcome may increases; therefore, professional diagnosis and treatments
are required.
There are various causes for habitual abortion hence accurate diagnosis and subsequent
treatment is essential.
Chromosomal abnormalities in fetus could be caused by chromosomal abnormalities
in parents and this can cause repetition of abortion at early stage of pregnancy.
Generally, translocation of chromosomal occurs often and this seems to be found
in about 6% of parents who have had habitual abortions. Even in the case where chromosome
is normal in parents, if maternal age is over 35 years then this could cause chromosomal
abnormalities in fetus.
- Diagnosis: Chromosomal analysis in parents and aborted fetus
- Treatment: Genetic counseling and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
Uterine anomalies and intrauterine adhesions are causes of miscarriage which take
15-25% among other causes. In addition, leiomyomas and cervical incompetence may
cause miscarriage.
- Diagnosis: Ultrasound, Hysteroscopy, and diagnostic laparoscopy
Repeated abortion can be caused from viruses such as TORCH (toxoplasmosis, measles,
castration cell virus, herpes which cause fetal malformations or bacteria such as
chlamydia and ureaplasma. Through the diagnosis, appropriate antibiotics or antiviral
treatment maybe necessary
The luteal phase defect can occur if progesterone does not secrete after ovulation
until the early stages of pregnancy. In addition, diabetes and thyroid disease may
be the cause of habitual abortion.
- Diagnosis: On Day 2~3 starting menstruation, hormonal including progesterone level
and basic blood tests
- Treatment: Strengthening progesterone (ovulation induction and progesterone support
and/or treatment of other diseases
It is largely classified into immunological disorder from antibody and alloimmunization.
This can be analyzed by the detection of antibodies related to abortion or immune
allogeneic cells and cytokines involved in alloimmunization. In most immunological
factors, intravascular coagulation is known as a problem in abortion. Consequently,
anticoagulant therapy like aspirin and heparin mainly applied in the treatment and
also recently, immune globulin treatment has been implemented.
Most of unknown cause for habitual abortion is thought to be associated with immunologic
factors and so the treatment is carried out according to immunological factors.