Home > INFERTILITY TREATMENT > Infertility-Diagnosis > Male Infertility
- It is important to know whether causes of infertility can be fundamentally resolved.
- It is a state where the fundamental solution is impossible but, Assisted Reproductive
Technology (ART) can be carried out with the patient’s sperm.
- It cannot be solved with ART and need to take a consideration of adoption or need
to receive sperm donation.
- It is crucial to evaluate whether there is a disease that may affect infertility.
- It evaluates whether there is genetic and chromosome abnormalities that may affect
in the next generation.
- Spermatogenesis disorder: Abnormal sperm production from testis
- Sperm emission disorder: Normal sperm production from testis but a abnormal sperm
emission
- Accessory sex gland disorder
- Sexual dysfunction
- Azoospermia is the medical condition of a male not having any sperm in his semen.
1) Obstructive : Normal spermatogenesis in testis but blockage in the efferent duct
systems, preventing the passage of spermatozoa into the semen.
- Previous inflammatory disease
- Congenitally, no formation of bilateral vas deferens.
2) Non-obstructive : No blockage in the efferent duct systems but abnormal spermatogenesis
in testis.
- Hypospermatogenesis
- Maturation arrests
- Sertoli cell only syndrome
- Varicoceletomy
Varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the vein that is in the scrotum draining
the testicles. Varicoceletomy is a surgical treatment of varicocele by excision
.Varicocele is found about 15% of the total male population. This is a common disease
where 35% of it occurs in the case of primary infertility and 75~81% in secondary
infertility of infertile males. A varicocele could possibly affect sperm by increasing
testicular temperature. Generally, 60~80% of patients improved with semen parameters
along with 30~40% of natural pregnancy could be expected after varicoceletomy.
If the reproductive tract between the penis and testes is blocked, surgical repair
can be attempted by performing a complicated microsurgery called a vasoepididymal
anastomosis (VEA). Through this surgery the blocked passage is reconnected and made
the pregnancy possible. This is technically difficult and intricate surgery because
it needs to be done under high magnification. It has been reported that within 10
years from the surgery, the recovery rate was 80-90% and pregnancy rate was 40~70%.
- Testicular sperm extraction (TESE)
In the case of non-obstructive azoospermia patient where normal sperm cannot be
collected from the ejaculation, then, mainly, this procedure is carried for ART
by collecting sperm directly from the testis of the patient. However, other procedures
such as testicular fine needle aspiration (TEFNA), percutaneous sperm aspiration
(PESA) or multiple TESE can also be performed.